Paleolithic multi-tools – For much of the last century, the archaeological approach to ancient weapons was based on a clear, sequential narrative. It was believed that early humans began with basic handheld spears, then used javelin throwers to increase their attack range, and later became proficient with bows and arrows. However, recent studies indicate that the truth was much more complex and much more fascinating.

Research by Keiko Kitagawa of the University of Tübingen refutes the traditional belief that hunting techniques evolved in a straight, linear manner. The study suggests that early Homo sapiens in Europe may have tested various weapon systems, such as bow-and-arrow technology, much earlier than previously thought.